TY - JOUR AU - Al Saad, Mouna AU - Shehadeh, Amin AU - Abu Ameerh, Mohammed A. AU - Meqbil, Jehad AU - Qablawi, Mohammad AU - AlRyalat, Saif Al Deen AU - Elubous, Khaled PY - 2023/03/25 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Evaluation of Changes in the Ganglionic Cell inner Plexiform Layer and Macular Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Patients Receiving Hydroxychloroquine JF - Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences JA - Jordan j. pharm. sci. VL - 16 IS - 1 SE - Articles DO - 10.35516/jjps.v16i1.1076 UR - http://jjournals.ju.edu.jo/index.php/jjps/article/view/1076 SP - 163-170 AB - <p><strong>Backgrounds</strong>: To evaluate changes in the thickness of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer and macular retinal nerve fiber layer using ocular coherence tomography in patients exposed to hydroxychloroquine .</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients on hydroxychloroquine therapy. Ocular coherence tomography images showing ganglion cell-inner plexiform cell layer and macular retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were obtained and compared to controls. The relationship between the thickness of ganglion cell-inner plexiform and macular&nbsp; retinal nerve fiber layer, duration and cumulative dose of hydroxychloroquine were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: In all, 219 subjects were included. The Thickness of the ganglion cell-inner plexiform thickness was significantly less than controls&nbsp; (p = 0.006). The average&nbsp; macular RNFL thickness was less in the study compared to the control groups, but not statistically significant (p = 0.389). There was no significant correlation between ganglionic cell-inner plexiform and macular retinal nerve fiber layer with duration, daily dose, or cumulative dose of hydroxychloroquine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Thinning of the ganglionic cell- inner plexiform&nbsp; layer could be an early indicator of retinal toxicity before the appearance of clinical retinopathy.</p> ER -