Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the structure of Pituitary Gland in adult Male Albino Rats

Hagar Wahdan Mohamed El- Azab

doi:10.35516/jjps.v18i4.2919

Authors

Hagar Wahdan Mohamed El- Azab Department of Histology, Damietta Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v18i4.2919

Abstract

Study objectives: It was to observe the effects on pituitary gland exposed to TiO₂-NPs in matured male albino rats.

Methodology: Forty-eight male albino rats were utilized. They were divided into three main groups. Group I (control) and was subdivided equally into three subgroups (negative control and vehicles controls). Group II (the treated group) subdivided into three equal subgroups. GII a: treated with TiO₂ solution (10 mg/kg/day orally) for 14 days. Group IIb: treated with TiO₂ solution (10 mg/kg/day) orally for 60 days. Group IIc (recovery): treated with TiO₂ 10 mg/kg/day for 60 days, then stopped treatment for 60 days. Group III was divided equally into two subgroups. GIII a: 6 rats treated with TiO₂ solution (100 mg/kg/day) orally for 14 days. GIII b (recovery): 6 rats treated with TiO₂ (100 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, then stopped treatment with TiO₂ for 14 days. Pituitary gland specimens were prepared and examined by light and electron microscopy. Data of morphometric study was documented.

Results: TiO₂treated groups showed structural disorganization in the pars distalis (enlarged basophil cells with vacuolated cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei) associated with congested blood vessels and inflammatory cellular infiltration. A significant reduction of Periodic-Acid-Schiff reaction coupled with a substantial increase in area percentage of collagen fibres was observed upon TiO₂-NPs. The ultrastructural assessment confirmed these distortions. The recovery groups showed different degrees of improvement in previous histological changes.

Conclusions: TiO₂NPs cause time and dose-dependent structural changes in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary gland with various degrees of distortions.

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