بناءُ مدينة السُّلطانيَّة وأهمُّ مظاهرها العمرانيَّة في العصر الإيلخاني المغولي (651-756 ه/1253-1355م)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/jjha.v19i1.2152الكلمات المفتاحية:
أوليجايتو، الهمذاني، السُّلطانيَّة، الزراعة، الصناعة، التحضُّر، السكانالملخص
تُعَدُّ مدينةُ السُّلطانية منَ المدن التي بُنِيَت في عهد المغول الإيلخانيين (651-756هـ/ 1253-1355م)؛ إذ عُرِفَ عن الإيلخان أوليجايتو محمد خدابنده (703-716هـ/ 1303-1316م) حُبُّهُ للبناء والعمران، فأراد أن تكون له حاضرةٌ تُخَلِّدُ اسمَهُ وتاريخَهُ فأمر ببنائها لتنافس أهَمَّ المدن المعاصرة لها، وأحضر عددًا من العمال والمهندسين من جميع أنحاء العالم للإسهام في بنائها، فبنى فيها عددًا من المؤسَّسات التعليميَّة والخدميَّة، مثل المدارس والربط والخانقاهات والجوامع والمستشفيات والأسواق والحمامات، فضلًا عن بنائه ضريحًا له أصبح من أجمل المعالم العمرانيَّة في عهده، وازدهرت الصناعةُ والزراعةُ والتجارةُ فيها وأصبحت مركزًا تجاريًّا مرموقًا فقصدها عددٌ كبيرٌ من التجار من جميع أنحاء العالم، وأسهم عددٌ من الوزراء في بناء عدد من المؤسسات فيها، كان في مقدِّمتهم الوزيرُ علي شاه التبريزي (ت 724هـ/ 1323م)، وفضل الله رشيد الدين الهمذاني (ت 717هـ/ 1317م).
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