حفريَّة ساحة الخزنة/ الموسم الثاني 2005
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/jjha.v19i1.3835الكلمات المفتاحية:
البترا الأثريَّة، الهياكل العظميَّة، المقابر الصَّخريَّة، الممارسات الجنائزيَّة، الأنباطالملخص
في عام 2005، أجرى فريقٌ من محميَّة البترا الأثريَّة حفرياتٍ أثريَّةً في المدفَنَيْن 62C و64A في منطقة الخزنة في البترا؛ مما أسهَمَ في تعزيز فهمِنا للممارسات الجنائزيَّة لدى الأنباط. وقد كشفَ المدفنُ 62C، الذي يقع تحت الخزنة، عن حجرةِ دفن مقسَّمة إلى عِدَّة أقسام، تحتوي على بقايا عظميَّة لعدد لا يقلُّ عن 11 فردًا، بينهم بالِغين وَقُصَّر. تعرَّضت حجرةُ الدفنِ للنَّهب؛ مما ألحَقَ أضرارًا كبيرة بالهياكل العظميَّة والمرفقات الجنائزيَّة، وقد تناثرت بعضُ أجزاء القطع الفخاريَّة والمرفقات الجنائزيَّة في جميع أنحاء المدفن؛ مما يُشيرُ إلى تعرُّضه للعَبَث والتخريب في فترات سابقة، كما قَدَّمَ التحليلُ البيولوجيُّ للبقايا البشريَّة، الذي أُجرِيَ في جامعة كوبنهاجن، رُؤًى حولَ مِلَفِّ المتوفِّين البيولوجيِّ؛ حيث تبيَّنَ أنَّ معظمَهم منَ الذُّكور البالِغين. أما المدفنُ A64 فهو واجهةٌ صخريَّةٌ منحوتةٌ ومزيَّنَةٌ بأعمدة نبطيَّة ملتصقةٍ بالواجهة، يمكنُ الوصولُ إليه عبرَ درجات منحوتة تؤدي إلى حجرة دفن مليئة بطبقات منَ الرَّواسب الرَّمليَّة التي خلَّفتها مياهُ السُّيول الجارفة، وقد عُثِرَ داخلَهُ قبرين محفورين، أحدهما يحتوي على بقايا لسبعة هياكلَ عظميَّة، بينما يحتوي القبرُ الآخرُ على بقايا لهيكل عظميٍّ واحد، وَعُثِرَ داخلَ غُرفة الدفن على كِسَرٍ فخاريَّةٍ وقطعةِ عملةٍ برونزيَّةٍ متآكلة، وَيُشيرُ تصميمُ المدفن وترتيب طبقاته إلى تاريخ معقَّد منَ الاستخدام المتكرِّر والممارسات الجنائزيَّة، بما في ذلك إعادةُ الدفن.
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Institutional records
Jordan National Library, Document No. 24/1/1/6, dated 3 January 1926
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