تقييم التلوث المعدني في طبقات أثرية من موقع أم السرب، شمال شرق الأردن
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/jjha.v18i3.716الكلمات المفتاحية:
طبقات أثرية، معاملا الإثراء والتلوث، مؤشر التراكم الأرضي، رماد، تلوث، أم السرب، الأردنالملخص
في هذه الدراسة، تم فحص تركيز 21 فلزا لأربع طبقات رومانية وبيزنطية وأيوبية مملوكية مبكرة ومتأخرة من المنطقة أ في موقع أم السرب الأثري، الأردن، لتقييم مدى تلوثها بشريا. سُكن الموقع، الواقع بالقرب من بصرى وأم الجمال، باستمرار منذ العصر الروماني حتى العصور الإسلامية. تظهر نتائج التحليل الكيميائي ومؤشرات التلوث (معاملات الإثراء والتلوث، ومؤشر التراكم الجيولوجي) انخفاض الإثراء في عناصر ال Zn، K، Sr، Na، Pb، Ba، Li، Mn، Mg، Mo، وCu، وإثراء معتدل في عناصر ال Cd، Ag، Ca، As، وNi. إثراء الكوبالت يظهر بشكل واضح في عينة واحدة وبشكل معتدل في العينات الأخرى. تظهر النتائج إثراء أكثر للفلزات الملوثة في الطبقة البيزنطية من بقية الطبقات. المصدر الرئيسي المحتمل للتلوث البسيط في الطبقات هو الوقود العضوي والرماد الناتج عن حرقه، في حين أن المصدر الثانوي المحتمل قد يكون محتويات كسر الفخار المنتشرة في الطبقات. تتفق النتائج مع حقيقة أن الموقع كان ريفيا بأنشطة صناعية محدودة، وخاصة صناعة الفلزات كالحديد والنحاس الذي كان سيزيد من تركيز الملوثات الفلزية التي تم تحليلها.
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