Design, Synthesis, Molecular docking and Biological Evaluation of Novel Leucine Derived Sulfamoyl Pentanamides as Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Agents

Melford Egbujor; Vivian Okonkwo; Ugomma  Onyeije; Chigbundu Emeruwa; Ogbonna  Nkuzinna; Pius  Egwuatu; Ifeanyi  Amasiatu; Alisa  Onyemeziri; Uchechukwu  Okoro

doi:10.35516/jjps.v17i4.2467

Authors

Melford Egbujor Department of Chemistry, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Vivian Okonkwo Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Ugomma Onyeije Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Chigbundu Emeruwa Department of Chemical Sciences, Rhema University Nigeria, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria
Ogbonna Nkuzinna Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
Pius Egwuatu Department of Microbiology, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, Enugu State, nigeria.
Ifeanyi Amasiatu Department of Biochemistry, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Alisa Onyemeziri Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
Uchechukwu Okoro Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v17i4.2467

Keywords:

pentanamides, leucine, sulfonamides, antimicrobial resistance, antioxidants, synthesis

Abstract

The preponderance of microbial and oxidative stress-mediated diseases is quite alarming. The need for novel drug development is highlighted by the fact that antimicrobial resistance is rising and many current antioxidant drugs only provide little symptomatic alleviation. The aim of this work was to synthesize leucine derived sulfamoyl pentanamides with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. New leucine-based sulfamoyl pentanamides were synthesized and elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FTIR were used to elucidate their structures. They underwent molecular docking investigations as well as in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity analyses. Compound 5a (0.60 gm/ml) was the most active compound against Pseudomonas aeroginosa, whereas compound 5f (0.30-0.40 mg/ml) was the most effective antibacterial agent against E. Coli, S. typhi, S. aureus, and B. subtilis. The compounds with the best antifungal activity against C. albican and A. niger, respectively, were 5g (0.80 mg/ml) and 5e (0.50 mg/ml). In the in vitro antioxidant assessment, compounds 5g (1.174µg/ml) and 5h (1.172µg/ml) exhibited similar antioxidant activity to ascorbic acid (IC50 1.001µglml). In addition, most of the target compounds have relatively strong antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant potentials, according to molecular docking study. Since every target compound complied with Lipinski's rule of five, it is likely that they might be used as therapeutic candidates to treat oxidative stress-related illnesses and microbial infections.

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