Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Cardamom Extract on Nephropathy Induced by Aspirin in Rats Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v18i1.2668Keywords:
Kidney, Nephropathy, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Aspirin, Cardamom Extract, Oxidative StressAbstract
Analgesic-induced nephropathy is a serious complication resulting from the chronic overuse of analgesics, especially over-the-counter drugs such as aspirin. The study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of cardamom extract on aspirin-induced nephropathy in rat models. Twenty-four female Albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=8/group): control(no treatment); (ASA) aspirin 600 mg/kg/day for 4 days, and (ASA + Card) aspirin + cardamom extract 200 mg/kg/day for 7 days. Cardamom aqueous extract was prepared. Phenol and flavonoid contents were calculated. The kidney/body weight ratio was calculated, and serum urea and creatinine were measured. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by measuring Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in kidney tissue. Histological alterations were also assessed. Parametric data were evaluated using the One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, followed by Tukey's test. Nonparametric data were evaluated by the Mann–Whitney test and Fisher’s tests. The results were considered significant at P<0.05. Total phenol 23.4 mg gallic acid equivalents / g dry extract, and flavonoids 1.77 mg quercetin equivalents /g dry extract. In the ASA group, kidney weight/body weight ratio, Serum biomarkers, and MDA concentrations were significantly increased, while SOD levels decreased, compared with the control group. The histological examinations showed significant tubular and glomerular injuries. There was a significant improvement in the Card histological and serum when compared with the aspirin group. Cardamom aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) showed effective therapeutic ability against aspirin-induced nephropathy by improving kidney functions, and enzymatic and histological parameters, due to their antioxidant activity in oxidative stress induced by aspirin.
References
Kwok CS, Loke YK. Critical overview on the benefits and harms of aspirin. 2010:1491–1506. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ph3051491
Bouzenna H, Samout N, Amani E, Mbarki S, Tlili Z, Rjeibi I, et al. Protective effects of Pinus halepensis L. essential oil on aspirin-induced acute liver and kidney damage in female Wistar albino rats. J Oleo Sci. 2016; 65(8):701–712. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess15287
Bindu S, Mazumder S, Bandyopadhyay U. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and organ damage: A current perspective. Biochem Pharmacol. Elsevier Inc.; 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114147
Keen MU, Aeddula NR. Analgesic nephropathy. StatPearls. 2022.
El-Elimat T, Olimat S, Ali Agha ASA, Aburjai A, Aburjai T. LC-MS analysis of secondary metabolites of Asphodelus aestivus Brot. (Asphodelaceae) grown wild in Jordan. Jordan J Pharm Sci. 2024; 17(2):333–343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v17i2.1850
Alkhoury R, Alkhatib R. Rumex conglomeratus Murr. grown wild in Syria: Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activities of aerial parts and rhizomes extracts. Jordan J Pharm Sci. 2024; 17(4):659–674. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v17i4.2448
Mutha RE, Tatiya AU, Surana SJ. Flavonoids as natural phenolic compounds and their role in therapeutics: An overview. 2021; 8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-020-00161-8
Ashokkumar K, Murugan M, Dhanya MK, Warkentin TD. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton) – A critical review. J Ethnopharmacol. Elsevier Ireland Ltd.; 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112244
Goyal SN, Sharma C, Mahajan UB, Patil CR, Agrawal YO, Kumari S, et al. Protective effects of cardamom in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Int J Mol Sci. 2015; 16(11):27457–27469. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161126040
Singh R, Jaglan V, Ravinder Singh C, Kaushik R. Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of green cardamom and rosemary extract in food products: A brief review. Pharma Innov J. 2018; 568(6):568–573.
Nurcholis W, Alfadzrin R, Izzati N, Arianti R, Vinnai BÁ, Sabri F, et al. Effects of methods and durations of extraction on total flavonoid and phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of Java cardamom (Amomum compactum Soland Ex Maton) fruit. Plants. 2022; 11(17):1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11172221
Bouzenna H, Samout N, Dhibi S, Mbarki S, Akermi S, Khdhiri A, et al. Protective effect of essential oil from Citrus limon against aspirin-induced toxicity in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2019; 38(5):499–509. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327118819044
Elkomy A, Aboubakr M, Elsawaf N. Renal protective effect of cardamom against nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in rats. BVMJ. 2015. Available at: http://www.bvmj.bu.edu.eg. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2015.31681
Kaushik P, Goyal P, Chauhan A, Chauhan G. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial potential of dry fruit extracts of Elettaria cardamomum Maton (Chhoti Elaichi). 2010.
Alkhalifah EAR, Alobaid AA, Almajed MA, Alomair MK, Mohamed ME. Cardamom extract alleviates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis induced during acetaminophen-induced hepatic toxicity via modulation. 2022; 5390–5404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44110365
Alkhatib R. Chemical composition of essential oils, total phenols, and antioxidant activity of Achillea fragrantissima and A. santolina grown in Syria. Jordan J Pharm Sci. 2024; 17(3):594–602. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v17i3.2389
Amzad Hossain M, Shah MD. A study on the total phenols content and antioxidant activity of essential oil and different solvent extracts of endemic plant Merremia borneensis. Arab J Chem. 2015; 8(1):66–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.01.007
Annouf Y, Al-laham S, Al-shatti E. Effect of amlodipine on enteropathy induced by indomethacin in rats. 2020; 12(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i3.38329
Raeeszadeh M, Rezaee M, Akbari A, Khademi N. The comparison of the effect of Origanum vulgare L. extract and vitamin C on gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2022; 45(5):2031–2038. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2021.1895826
Gazia MA, El-Magd MA. Ameliorative effect of cardamom aqueous extract on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Cells Tissues Organs. 2019; 206(1–2):62–72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000496109
Shahidi F, Hossain A. Bioactives in spices, and spice oleoresins: Phytochemicals and their beneficial effects in food preservation and health promotion. J Food Bioact. 2018; 3:8–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31665/JFB.2018.3149
Chimbetete N, Verghese M, Sunkara R, Walker LT. Phytochemical content, radical scavenging ability, and enzyme inhibiting activities of selected spices (cinnamon, cardamom, and cloves). Food Nutr Sci. 2019; 10(03):266–275. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2019.103020
Amma KPAP, Rani MP, Sasidharan I, Nisha VNP. Chemical composition, flavonoid-phenolic contents, and radical scavenging activity of four major varieties of cardamom. Int J Biol Med Res. 2010; 1(3):20–24.
Kacprzak D, Pawliczak R. Does aspirin-induced oxidative stress cause asthma exacerbation? Arch Med Sci. 2015; 11(3):494–504. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2014.41960
Dennis JM, Witting PK. Protective role for antioxidants in acute kidney disease. Nutrients. 2017; 9(7). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9070718
Ogunjemite OE, Ola-Mudathir FK, Ijani A. Protective activity of chloroform extract of Gomphrena celosioides leaves (Amaranthaceae) on some biochemical indices in aspirin-induced Wistar rats. J Appl Sci Environ Manag. 2022; 26(4):571–576. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v26i4.3
Alsawaf S, Alnuaimi F, Afzal S, Thomas RM, Chelakkot AL, Ramadan WS, et al. Plant flavonoids on oxidative stress-mediated kidney inflammation. Biology (Basel). 2022; 11(12). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11121717
Aboelnaga SMH. Effect of some levels of cardamom, clove, and anise on hepatotoxicity in rats caused by CCL4. World Appl Sci J. 2015; 33(6):854–865.
Mousleh R, Al Laham S, Al-Manadili A. The preventive role of pioglitazone in glycerol-induced acute kidney injury in rats during two different treatment periods. Iran J Med Sci. 2018; 43(2):184–194.
Kim GH. Renal effects of prostaglandins and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Electrolyte Blood Press. 2008; 6(1):35–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5049/EBP.2008.6.1.35
Sies H. Oxidative stress: Concept and some practical aspects. Antioxidants. 2020; 9(9):1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9090852
Altintas R, Polat A, Parlakpinar H, Vardi N, Beytur A, Oguz F, et al. The effect of melatonin on acetylsalicylic acid-induced kidney and testis damage. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2014; 33(4):383–395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327113506240
Elguindy NM, Yacout GA, El Azab EF. Amelioration of DENA-induced oxidative stress in rat kidney and brain by the essential oil of Elettaria cardamomum. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci. 2018; 7(3):299–305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjbas.2018.02.005
Al-Abdaly YZ, Saeed MG, Al-Hashemi HM. Effect of methotrexate and aspirin interaction and its relationship to oxidative stress in rats. Iraqi J Vet Sci. 2021; 35(1):151–156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2020.126490.1335
Khattab AA, Tawfek AM, Abo-EL-Sooud K, Ahmed KA, El-Gendy AEN, Ahmed AR. Elettaria cardamomum essential oil rescues paracetamol-induced hepatorenal damage via modulating oxidative stress in rats. Adv Anim Vet Sci. 2020; 8(Specialissue2):24–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2020/8.s2.24.33
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
