A Three-Year Retrospective Analysis of the Common Isolated Microorganisms and the Sensitivity Pattern of Blood Culture in Children with Cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v59i5.4383الكلمات المفتاحية:
Pediatric cancer، bloodstream infection ، drug-resistance bacteriaالملخص
Background: Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy are facing a higher risk of bloodstream infection (BSI) because of febrile neutropenia. In febrile neutropenia, rational use of antibiotics is important for reducing morbidity and preventing the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. There is a lack of data on BSI epidemiology in Libyan pediatric cancer patients. We conducted this study to determine the frequency and type of isolated microorganisms, as well as the profile of antibiotic resistance.
Material and methods: This was a three-year retrospective study, 2021-2023. We recorded data on all blood cultures taken from pediatric cancer patients treated at the National Cancer Institute, Misurata, between January 2021 and December 2023. We analyzed the microbiological profile and sensitivity pattern.
Results: The pediatric oncology department sent 615 blood culture samples (168 central venous catheters, 447 peripheral veins) to patients admitted with febrile neutropenia. There were 106/615 (17.6%) positive cultures. Gram-positive organisms were the most commonly isolated bacteria, accounting for 58.2%, and Gram-negative organisms accounted for 37.8%. Staphylococcus aureus 56.6% was the most common Gram-positive, and Pseudomonas areogenosa was the most common among Gram-negative bacterium (24/38, 63.15%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (13/38, 34.2%). A higher proportion of carbapenem resistance isolates were seen in Klebsiella pneumonia (10/13, 77%).
Conclusion: The prompt detection of microbial isolates in cancer patients is fundamental to developing an appropriate early treatment policy. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is alarming for the use of antibiotics and for institutional infection control protocols.
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